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Gunter's chain
Gunter's chain (also known as Gunter’s measurement or Surveyor’s measurement) is a geodetic measuring device used for land survey. It was designed and introduced in 1620 by English clergyman and mathematician Edmund Gunter (1581–1626) long before the development of the theodolite and other more sophisticated equipment, enabling plots of land to be accurately surveyed and plotted, for legal and commercial purposes.
Gunter used an actual measuring chain of 100 links. These, the chain and the link, have become units of their own.
==Description==
The chain is divided into 100 links, marked off into groups of 10 by brass rings which simplify intermediate measurement. Each link is 7.92 inches long, with 10 links making slightly less than 6 feet 8 inches. The full length of the chain is 66 feet. A square link is exactly one hundred-thousandth of an acre and one ten-thousandth of one square chain or 0.0404685642 m2. It is about square inches.
Gunter's chain reconciled two seemingly incompatible systems: the traditional English land measurements, based on the number 4, and the newly introduced system of decimals based on the number 10. Since an acre measured 10 square chains in Gunter's system, the entire process of land measurement could be computed in decimalized chains and links, and then converted to acres by dividing the results by 10.〔Linklater, Andro (2003). ''Measuring America''. Penguin. pp.16–17.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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